Majiɓincin "Lifeline": Zurfafa Kallon Katheters na Hemodialysis na Tsawon Lokaci

Mahimmanci Amma Ba Firamare ba Samun damar Jijiyoyi don Hemodialysis

A cikin tafiye-tafiyen jiyya na marasa lafiya masu fama da cututtukan koda na ƙarshe, hemodialysis shine ma'auni mai mahimmancin rayuwa. "Gada" da ke fitar da jini daga jiki don tsarkakewa da kuma komawa ciki shine abin da muke kira "hanzarin jini." Daga cikin waɗannan, hemo na dogon lokaciDialysis Catheter, wani nau'i na musamman na samun dama, yana taka rawar da ba za a iya maye gurbinsa ba a matsayin "layin rayuwa" a cikin takamaiman yanayi, koda kuwa ba a fahimta sosai ba. Wannan labarin yana ba da zurfin duban wannan muhimmin na'urar likita.

Menene Catheter Hemodialysis na Tsawon Lokaci?

Catheter hemodialysis na dogon lokaci, a likitance ana kiransa "catheter dialysis cuffed" ko "Tunneled Catheter, "ya bambanta sosai da na ɗan gajeren lokaci catheters da ake amfani da su don jiko na IV na yau da kullum.

Babban fasalinsa sun haɗa da:

1. Tunneled Design: Daya karshen catheter ba a saka kai tsaye a cikin jini. Madadin haka, yana “tafiya” ɗan gajeren nisa ƙarƙashin fata (samar da “rami”) kafin shigar da jigon jini (yawanci jugular, femoral, ko subclavian vein).

2. Cuff: Bangaren subcutaneous na catheter an sanye shi da polyester cuff na musamman. A tsawon lokaci, nama na jiki yana girma zuwa cikin wannan cuff, yana samar da shinge na zahiri wanda ke hana ƙwayoyin cuta shiga jiki daga wurin fita fata, da rage haɗarin kamuwa da cuta da kuma ba da damar catheter ya kasance cikin aminci a wurin na dogon lokaci.

3. Dual-Lumen Structure: Bangaren ciki na catheter ya ƙunshi tashoshi daban-daban guda biyu-wani "lumen arterial" don zana jini daga jiki zuwa na'urar dialysis, da kuma "lumen venous" don mayar da jinin da aka tsarkake zuwa jiki. Waɗannan tashoshi biyu suna aiki a lokaci ɗaya don kammala aikin dialysis yadda ya kamata.

II. Wanene Yake Bukata? Yawan Jama'a

Catheters na dogon lokaci ba shine zaɓi na farko ga duk marasa lafiya na hemodialysis ba, amma suna ba da mafita mai mahimmanci ga al'amuran masu zuwa:

1. Marasa lafiya Tushen Jini: Misali, tsofaffi marasa lafiya, masu ciwon sukari, ko waɗanda ke da kunkuntar tasoshin waɗanda ba za su iya samun nasarar haifar da yoyon fitsari na arteriovenous (AVF) ba.

2. Ciwon yoyon fitsari: Sabon halitta AVF yana buƙatar makonni da yawa zuwa watanni don girma kuma ya zama mai amfani. Catheter na dogon lokaci zai iya zama hanyar shiga "gada" a wannan lokacin.

3. Marasa lafiya masu Iyakan Rayuwa Tsammani: Ga majinyata da ke da ɗan gajeren lokacin rayuwa da ake tsammani, na'urar catheter na dogon lokaci na iya guje wa buƙatar ƙirƙirar fistula ta tiyata.

4. "Babu Zaɓuɓɓuka Da Aka Hagu": Lokacin da duk wuraren da za a yi a cikin gaɓoɓin majiyyaci don ƙirƙira ko kiyaye wasu nau'ikan hanyar shiga sun ƙare, catheter na dogon lokaci ya zama kariya ta ƙarshe.

III. Yin Auna Ribobi da Fursunoni: Hangen Hankali

● Fa'idodi:

1. Amfani da gaggawa: Ana iya yawanci amfani da shi nan da nan bayan sanyawa, sabanin AVF wanda ke buƙatar lokaci don girma.

2. Ba da allura: Dialysis ba ya buƙatar sandunan allura da aka maimaita a cikin tasoshin jini, guje wa huda da rikitarwa kamar pseudoaneurysms.

3. Yana Kiyaye Ruwan Jiki: Baya lalata jijiyoyin jini da jijiyoyin majiyyaci.

● Lalacewa da Hatsari:

1. Haɗarin kamuwa da cuta mafi girma: Ko da yake yana da cuff, yawan kamuwa da cututtukan jini da ke da alaƙa da catheter ya ragu sosai fiye da na AVFs. Irin waɗannan cututtuka na iya zama haɗari ga rayuwa.

2. Mai saurin daskarewa: Ciwon jini na iya samuwa a cikin catheter, wanda zai haifar da rashin kyaututtukan jini (ƙananan dialysis isasshen) da kuma buƙatar kulawa akai-akai tare da magungunan narkar da jini.

3. Zai iya haifar da Stenosis na Tsakiyar Tsakiya: Tsayawa na dogon lokaci zai iya lalata rufin jijiyar jini, wanda zai haifar da raguwa (stenosis) na jijiya, wanda ke damun halittar sauran wuraren samun dama a gaba.

4. Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwaƙwalwa na Ƙwaƙwalwa na Ƙadda ) ba su da yawa kamar yadda aka samu tare da AVF mai aiki da kyau.

Don waɗannan dalilai, a cikin jagororin likita, ana ba da shawarar ƙwanƙwasa arteriovenous fistula (AVF) koyaushe azaman zaɓin samun damar jijiyoyin jini na dogon lokaci.

IV. Kulawa na yau da kullun: Ƙoƙarin Haɗin gwiwa Tsakanin Masu Ba da Kiwon Lafiya da Marasa lafiya

Amintaccen amfani na dogon lokaci na catheter ya dogara da kulawa sosai:

1. Kiyaye shi Tsafta da bushewa: Lokacin yin wanka, yi amfani da suturar da ba ta da ruwa don kare wurin da ke fita daga catheter sosai kuma a guji jike shi.

2. Kusa da Kulawa: Kula da alamun kamuwa da cuta a kusa da wurin catheter, kamar ja, kumburi, zafi, zafi, ko fitarwa.

3. Tsare-tsare Tsarukan: Yayin kowane zaman dialysis, ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya za su bi ƙa'idodin da ba su dace ba don lalata wuraren catheter sosai.

4. Bincika na yau da kullun: Kula da matsayin catheter da aiki ta hanyar nazarin hoto da magance duk wani rikitarwa da sauri.

Kammalawa

Katheter na hemodialysis na dogon lokaci takobi ne mai kaifi biyu. Samfuri ne na hazaka na likitanci na zamani wanda aka ƙera don saduwa da rikitattun buƙatun asibiti, yin hidima a matsayin hanyar rayuwa ga marasa lafiya marasa adadi waɗanda ba za su iya ƙirƙirar wasu nau'ikan samun dama ba. Koyaya, duka ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya da marasa lafiya dole ne su san cikakken haɗarin haɗarinsa. Ta hanyar dabarar shigar da ta dace, kulawa ta yau da kullun, da kulawa ta kusa, za mu iya haɓaka fa'idodinta da rage illolinsa, tabbatar da cewa wannan "layin rayuwa" yana aiki lafiya da inganci muddin zai yiwu.

Ga marasa lafiya, samun cikakkiyar tattaunawa tare da likitan nephrologist don fahimtar fa'ida da rashin amfani da duk zaɓuɓɓukan samun dama da kuma yin zaɓin da ya fi dacewa da yanayin ɗaiɗaikun su shine mataki na farko don ingantacciyar rayuwa akan dialysis.

Disclaimer: Wannan labarin don yaɗawar likita ne, dalilai ne kawai kuma baya ƙulla shawarar likita na ƙwararru. Da fatan za a bi tsarin ganewar asali da tsare-tsaren jiyya da likitan ku ke bayarwa.